An arbitration court in The Hague will rule on July 12 in a dispute about the South China Sea in which the Philippines is challenging China's right to exploit resources across vast swathes of the strategic territory.
The ruling stands to further ramp up tensions in the region, where China's increased military assertiveness has spread concern among its smaller neighbors and is a point of confrontation with the United States.
The United States and China regularly conduct military exercises in the area, which is of vital interest to both Beijing and Washington, and have accused each other of provocations as recently as last month.
Influential state-run Chinese newspaper the Global Times said in an editorial on July 12 that China's reaction to the ruling "depends on provocation".
"So far, none of the concerned parties want military confrontation. But all are ratcheting up military preparations," it said.
Even if Beijing ignores the decision, it is significant as it will be the first time that a legal challenge has been brought in the dispute, which draws in five countries with overlapping claims to some of the world's most promising oil and gas fields and vital fishing grounds.
It reflects the shifting balance of power in the 3.5 million square kilometer sea, where China has been expanding its presence by building artificial islands and dispatching patrol boats that keep Philippine fishing vessels away.
The case, brought by the Philippines in 2013, hinges on the legal status of reefs, rocks and artificial islands in the Scarborough Shoal and Spratly Island Group.
